Indus Valley Civilization [2600 BCE – 1300 BCE] : 

Indus valley civilization was an ancient Indian civilization which started almost during the Bronze Age in the north-western region of South Asia particularly in Western India and present day Pakistan. The Indus Valley Civilization lasted almost from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. The protohistory of India i.e. a period between pre-historic and historic times of India started began with Indus Valley Civilization.

 

Indus Valley Civilisation [2600 BCE – 1300 BCE]

The Indus Valley Civilization got its name as Indus valley civilization (Sindhu Ghati Sabhyata) because the people of that time lived by the banks of river Indus. It is also known as Harappan Civilization because Harappa was the first site to be excavated of this civilization. Let us see some of the important points required for SSC and RRB exams:

• Indus Valley Civilization was an Urban Civilisation as they had urban planning, baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, clusters of large non-residential buildings, and new techniques in handicraft and metallurgy (copper, bronze, lead, and tin).

• People for the first time in the history started living in urban areas.

Harappa Civilization :

• This was the first civilization to be discovered in the year 1921 under the vision of D.R. Sahni.

• It was located in the banks of the river ” Ravi ” in the Punjab province of British India, presently in Pakistan.

Mohenjodaro Civilization :

• It was discovered in the year 1922 under the vision of R.D. Bannerjee.

• It was located on the banks of river ” Indus “.

• Mohenjodaro is also known as ” Mound of the Dead “.

• Some important things of this civilization were Great Bath, Great Granary and Bronze Dancing Girl.

Kali Bangan Civilization :

• It was discovered in 1953 in Rajasthan.

• It was located on the bank of river ” Saraswati “.

Lothal Civilization :

• It was discovered in the year 1954 in Gujarat.

• It was also called ” mouth of Gulf of Combay “.

• 12 more small cities were found in Gujarat near this civilization.

• Evidences of cultivation of Rice was found in this civilization.

• The most important part of Lothal is that it had a harbour like structure i.e . a Dockyard.

• The Dockyard was the largest structure of Harappan Civilization.

Dholavira :

• It was discovered in the year 1992.

• It is the latest finding of Indus valley Civilization.

• It was found in the Kutch region of Gujarat.

The Indus valley Civilization is spread from Jammu & Kashmir to Maharashtra and from Madhya Pradesh to Western Pakistan.

 

Ancient Indian History Notes for SSC and RRB exams